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Uranus

Uranus
NASA’s Webb Scores Another Ringed World With New Image of Uranus. Source: https://www.nasa.gov/ Credits: NASA, ESA, CSA, STScI. Image processing: J. DePasquale (STScI). This zoomed-in image of Uranus, captured by Webb’s Near-Infrared Camera (NIRCam) Feb.

Extreme Axial Tilt: Uranus has an extreme axial tilt, which means its rotational axis is highly inclined compared to its orbital plane. While most planets in our solar system have relatively upright axial tilts, Uranus is tilted on its side at an angle of approximately 98 degrees. This unique feature sets Uranus apart from the other planets and is thought to be the result of a powerful past collision or gravitational interactions with other celestial bodies.

Unconventional Magnetic Field: Uranus has a unique and tilted magnetic field that is not centered at its core, setting it apart from other planets.

A Bit Lonely

Voyager 2 is the only spacecraft to fly by Uranus. No spacecraft has orbited this distant planet to study it at length and up close.

Origin: Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun, and has the third-largest diameter in our solar system. The planet Uranus, like other planets in our solar system, formed about 4.6 billion years ago from the solar nebula.

Discovery: Uranus was discovered by the German-born British astronomer Sir William Herschel on March 13, 1781. It was the first planet to be discovered with a telescope,  although he originally thought it was either a comet or a star. Two years later that the object was universally accepted as a new planet, in part because of observations by astronomer Johann Elert Bode. Herschel tried unsuccessfully to name his discovery Georgium Sidus after King George III. Instead, the scientific community accepted Bode's suggestion to name it Uranus, the Greek god of the sky, as suggested by Bode.​

History: Uranus is named after the Greek god of the sky. Before its discovery, it was not known to ancient astronomers due to its dimness and slow orbit.

Orbit Eccentricity: 0.046

Orbit Length: Uranus is located approximately 2.87 billion kilometers (1.78 billion miles) away from the Sun.

Rotation: Uranus rotates on its side, making it appear to roll along its orbit. Like Venus, Uranus rotates east to west. But Uranus is unique in that it rotates on its side.

Rotation Length: It takes about 17 hours and 14 minutes for Uranus to complete one full rotation on its axis.

Length of Day: 17hours, 14minutes

Length of Year: 84 years

Escape Velocity: 21.3 km/s

Distance from Sun in AU (Astronomical Unit): 19.22AU

Spherical Specification: Uranus is an oblate spheroid, meaning it is mostly spherical but slightly flattened at the poles.

Moon/Natural Satellites: Uranus has 27 known natural satellites, including its largest moons Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon.

Rings: Uranus has a system of 13 known rings composed of ice particles, which were first discovered in 1977.

Gravity: 0.89

Mass: Uranus has a mass of approximately 8.68 x 10^25 kilograms, which is about 14.5 times the mass of Earth.

Composition/Structure: Uranus is an ice giant. Most of its mass is a hot, dense fluid of "icy" materials – water, methane and ammonia – above a small rocky core. Uranus is believed to have a composition consisting of a rocky core, an icy mantle, and an outer gaseous envelope. 

Missions: There have been no dedicated missions to Uranus, but there have been proposed missions for future exploration.

Temperature: Uranus is extremely cold, with temperatures dropping as low as -224 degrees Celsius (-371 degrees Fahrenheit).

Magnetic Field: Uranus has an unusual magnetic field that is tilted relative to its rotational axis, unlike the magnetic fields of most other planets.

North Pole / South Pole: Due to Uranus's extreme axial tilt, its poles experience long periods of continuous sunlight or darkness during its orbit around the Sun.

Geological Environment/Activity: Uranus is primarily composed of gas and ice. It does not have a solid surface like terrestrial planets, so traditional geological activities like volcanism and tectonic plate movement do not occur.

Atmosphere: Uranus has a primarily hydrogen and helium atmosphere, along with traces of methane and other gases. Uranus has an atmosphere made mostly of molecular hydrogen and atomic helium, with a small amount of methane.

Size/Diameter: Uranus has a diameter of approximately 51,118 kilometers (31,763 miles), making it the third-largest planet in our solar system.

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